Анотації 

Скоблик Н. Контроль громадян над лідерами в теорії демократії Р.Даля. – Рукопис.

Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата політичних наук за спеціальністю 23.00.01 – теорія та історія політичної науки. Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка. Львів, 2005.

   У дисертації проаналізовано праці критиків Р.Даля, пов’язані з проблемою дисертаційного дослідження. Розглянуто науковий і суспільно-політичний контекст формування поглядів Р.Даля на контроль громадян над лідерами.
   Авторка з’ясовує, яке місце займала проблема громадянського контролю у загальних теоретичних розробках Р.Даля. Простежується еволюція поглядів Р.Даля на основні аспекти контролю громадян над лідерами в демократичному суспільстві.
   Дисертантка розглядає основні чинники контролю громадян над лідерами за працями Р.Даля.
   У роботі показано зв’язок між концепціями контролю громадян над лідерами і суспільних змін в працях Р.Даля.
   Ключові слова: теорія демократії, громадянський контроль, підзвітність лідерів, поліархія, плюралізм, неоплюралізм, демократичний елітизм.

Скоблик Н. Контроль граждан над лидерами в теории демократии Р.Даля. – Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание учёной степени кандидата политических наук по специальности 23.00.01 – теория и история политической науки. Львовский национальный университет имени Ивана Франко. Львов, 2004.

   В диссертации проанализированы труды критиков Р.Даля, затрагивающие проблему диссертационного исследования. Рассмотрены научный и общественно-политический контекст формирования взглядов Р.Даля на контроль граждан над лидерами.
   Автор выясняет, какое место занимала проблема гражданского контроля в общих теоретических разработках Р.Даля. Исследуется эволюция взглядов Р.Даля на основные аспекты контроля граждан над лидерами в демократическом обществе.
   В диссертации рассмотрены основные факторы контроля граждан над лидерами за научными трудами Р.Даля.
   В работе показана связь между концепциями контроля граждан над лидерами и общественных перемен в работах Р.Даля.
   Ключевые слова: теория демократии, гражданский контроль, подотчётность лидеров, полиархия, плюрализм, неоплюрализм, демократичекий элитизм.

Skoblyk N. Citizen control over leaders in R.Dahl theory of democracy. – Manuscript.

Thesis for obtaining scientific degree of candidate of political sciences in specialty 23.00.01 – theory and history of political science. Ivan Franko Lviv National University. Lviv, 2005.

   The works of R.Dahl critics close to the problem of the research were analyzed in the thesis. The circumstances of scientific and sociopolitical context that had impact on R.Dahl’s views concerning citizen control over leaders were considered.
   The author cleared up the place of the citizen control problem in general theoretical elaboration by R.Dahl. The evolution of R.Dahl’s views on the main aspects of citizen control over leaders in democratic society was followed up.
   Six ‘criteria’ of polyarchy by R.Dahl and Ch.Lindblom (1953) were later (1956) renamed into eight ‘conditions’ of democracy and then (1971) – into seven ‘criteria’ of polyarchy. Since late 1970-ies R.Dahl has used the term ‘criteria’ to evaluate democratic process in quite different meaning than earlier. Actually he uses the term ‘institutions of democracy’ instead of the former polyarchy’s ‘criteria’. In 1998 R.Dahl shortened modern democratic institutions to six.
   The basic factors of citizen control over leaders in the works by R.Dahl were considered in the dissertation. The author concluded that one can apprehend the mechanism of citizen control over government leaders through the term ‘resources’. Relying on R.Dahl’s notion than somebody’s influence is partly the function of political resources she asserts that citizen control over government leaders is a function of citizen political resources.
   The majority of Western researchers of R.Dahl’s works are divided into two large streams, one of them is the orthodox liberal and conservative (mainstream), another is the radical democratic (including the ‘new left’ and other supporters of participatory democracy). The author of the thesis guesses that one can divide the critical researchers of R.Dahl from various perspectives, e.g., taking into account their accent on R.Dahl’s ‘empiricism’ or his ‘pluralism’ (of some kind) or his ‘elitism’ (with subtext on his secret support for elite rule) or his ‘revision’ of democratic theory. The author relies on the P.Hirst suggestion that the R.Dahl’s pluralism can be the ideological basis for democratic reforms.
   Among Ukrainian political scientists there are two main points of view concerning the essence of R.Dahl theory. One group of researchers accentuates on the evolution of his pluralist democratic theory to participatory democracy but another group regards R.Dahl as a adherent of pluralist elite theory with the accent on elite competition.
   Radical democratic opponents having pointed on the conceptual problems of ‘classical pluralism’ in 1950-60-ies actually opened way for the emergence of ‘neopluralism’ (‘critical pluralism’). This neopluralism proved in the works of R.Dahl since 1976-78. The works of late R.Dahl (since mid-1980-ies) induced the researchers to certain generalizations (some of them are too superficial, one-sided and outdated). The author of the thesis paid attention to the perspective trend to regard changing democratic theory of R.Dahl in the wide systematic context of interrelated currents of political theory with accent on creative use of R.Dahl’s ideas.
   The author identified the factors of citizen control over leaders in early works of R.Dahl. Political (inter-party) competition was regarded in connection with citizen ability to use political resources. N.Skoblyk guesses that later R.Dahl shifted accent to the problem of willingness and ability of citizens to use their resources effectively.
   The evolution of R.Dahl to neopluralism meant the more critical attitude to some non-democratic trends in contemporary Western society. At the same time the author of the dissertation pointed out on the ungrounded hypothesis of J.Ceaser concerning the attitude of R.Dahl to liberal democracy in 1970-ies.
   The connection between the concepts of citizen control over leaders and of social changes in R.Dahl works was demonstrated in the thesis. The author of the thesis asserts that in his late works R.Dahl has become more prone to demonstrate the necessity of small sociopolitical experiments for higher level of citizen control.
   Key words: democratic theory, citizen control, accountability of leaders, polyarchy, pluralism, neopluralism, democratic elitism.

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Контроль громадян над лідерами в теорії демократії Р.Даля